![]() References for Further Reading:īeavers GA, Iwata BA, Lerman DC. Behavioral interventions have been shown to be effective at reducing pica by individuals with intellectual disabilities. ![]() However, even in these cases, once the mineral problem is fixed, pica often continues and requires additional treatment. In rare cases, people who engage in pica may not be getting enough of certain minerals in their diet, such as iron. Paint chips and dirt can contain lead, so eating these items can result in lead poisoning. Depending on what the individual eats, pica can be quite dangerous and lead to infection, blockage, breaks or holes in the stomach or intestine, and choking. Individuals with ID have been reported to engage in pica with many different types of items including cigarette butts, paper, paint chips, rocks, sticks, and dirt, just to name a few. Anywhere from 6 to 26% of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) may engage in pica, and the behavior is more likely if the individual is diagnosed with autism or has more significant intellectual disabilities. In other words, pica involves eating items that are not food for at least one month, and the individual must be “too old” to be putting things into their mouth (i.e., individuals over the age of 2 years). Talk to your doctor about the possible risks and benefits of these medicines before giving them to your child.Pica is generally defined as the consumption of nonnutritive items, which is inappropriate for developmental age, continues for more than a month, and is not part of a culturally sanctioned practice. These medicines haven't been approved by the FDA to manage ASD. Melatonin is sometimes used to induce sleep. Medicines.Ĭlonidine (Kapvay) is a medicine that may be prescribed to help with hyperactive behavior. This method uses a keyboard to help a child communicate. There is little evidence that it is helpful. It focuses on activities that challenge the child to respond appropriately to input from the senses (sight, sound, taste, touch, and smell). It's based on a theory that ASD is caused by hearing problems that cause distorted sounds or oversensitivity to noises. This treatment delivers music through special devices. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warns that this treatment can have dangerous side effects. So mercury exposure may be more a result of ASD than a cause. Children with ASD often crave nonfood items ( pica) or have unusual diets that may expose them to mercury. It's based on the idea that mercury exposure is a cause of ASD. This therapy uses medicines to help the body rid itself of toxins. ![]() Studies show that this treatment doesn't work. injection of secretin (a hormone that stimulates the pancreas and liver) to manage behavior typical of ASD. This is based on the assumption that ASD is caused by an autoimmune problem. It involves giving a shot of immune globulin in a vein (I.V.). But food sensitivities aren't proven to be more common in children with ASD than in other children. Parents of children with ASD who have food allergies or intolerance may be more likely to try this type of diet. Restrictive diets.Įlimination of dairy foods and gluten from a child's diet is based on the idea that ASD is triggered by digestive problems. But a review of these studies hasn't shown these supplements to be helpful. Other supplements like vitamin D, vitamin C, folic acid, and omega-3 fatty acids are also thought to improve behavior. ![]() Some studies have claimed that giving high doses of vitamin B6 and magnesium improves behaviors common with ASD. Some unproven therapies for ASD include: footnote 1 Nutritional supplements.
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